Many people regarded the revolution as a sacred duty in this age after the colonial era. Revolution for most youth was a synonym for armed opposition. Patriots emerged in the revolution of colonialism throughout the globe. Some of them attained the status of national heroes. There was a race for the position of national hero in many countries.
Later, the hero or one of their followers became a dictator, and over time, he transformed into a tyrant in the eyes of the people. The people opposed him, and he repressed them. This vicious circle goes on and on, and the folk suffered a great deal.
The rule is simple.
It is the ruler’s position which makes the ruler a tyrant, and
the ruled revolves.
These two rules imply that revolution makes people only a temporary satisfaction at most. The ruled revolves, and if successful, a revolution leader becomes the dictator, and the position of dictatorship makes him a tyrant. The former tyrant is just replaced by the revolution leader.
There are several instances from history that support this view.
French Revolution (1789-1799): The French Revolution, initially driven by ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity, ultimately led to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte as a dictator. The revolution’s leaders, like Maximilien Robespierre, faced criticism for their authoritarian tendencies.
Russian Revolution (1917): The Russian Revolution saw the overthrow of the monarchy and the rise of the Bolsheviks. The revolution was followed by the establishment of the Soviet Union under Vladimir Lenin, which later evolved into a totalitarian regime under Joseph Stalin.
Cuban Revolution (1953-1959): Fidel Castro, a key figure in the Cuban Revolution, initially led a revolt against the oppressive regime of Fulgencio Batista. However, Castro’s leadership eventually resulted in a single-party communist state with limited political freedoms.
Iranian Revolution (1979): The Iranian Revolution aimed to overthrow the autocratic rule of the Shah and establish an Islamic republic. Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini emerged as a prominent leader, and Iran transitioned into an Islamic theocracy.
In China, Sun Yat-sen’s endeavours to overthrow the absolute monarchy Qing Dynasty and establish China as a democratic republic produced, successively, the dictators Yuan ShiKai, Chiang Kai-shek, and Mao, then till now China is under the one-party more-or-less dictatorial regime. The revolution produced a small democratic country of Taiwan only, and it survived only under the protection of the foreign power of the United States of America .
These historical examples illustrate how revolutions usually lead to significant changes in leadership and governance but also result in the concentration of power and the emergence of new forms of authoritarian rule.
Author 1, Dhammic Plane
Sunday, October 8, 2023